When you squeeze it, however, the sand becomes firm and, counter-intuitively, appears dry. The opposite of a shear-thinning fluid is a shear-thickening fluid, a material whose viscosity increases with applied force.Ī familiar example is very wet sand: if you pick up a handful, it will flow between your fingers like grainy custard. (If this is starting to make your mouth water, you’ll be interested to know that saliva is also a shear-thinning fluid.) Footprints in the sand When the ketchup lands on your plate, its viscosity increases again so it forms a satisfying dollop. Ketchup is a classic example: it has high viscosity at rest, making it stick to the sides of the bottle until you shake it so its viscosity decreases and it flows out the nozzle. Sunscreen is a ‘shear-thinning fluid’, which means it flows more easily under pressure.
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